Money in a 529 plan may be used cover a wide range of expenses related to higher education. As we go through this section, we will also delineate between expenses allowed federally, but may not be allowed by some states. Qualified expenses include tuition and fees related to attendance to the educational institution. It’s important to note what the IRS considers a qualified education institution. A qualified educational institution is generally a college, university, tech school, or other institution that participates in the Department of Education’s student aid program. This include public, private, non-profit and for-profit higher education institutions. Room and board expenses also qualify, but there are certain conditions. The student must be enrolled at least half-time at the school. Expenses are also limited to the actual cost of the room and board if the student is living in housing operated by the institution, or if living off campus, […]
529
529 Plan Beneficiaries
Owners (usually parents) of 529 plans set them up for the purpose of funding future college education expenses for beneficiaries (usually their children). However, 529 plans allow for beneficiaries other than the owner’s children. Beneficiaries may be changed on 529 plans at the owner’s discretion. Who qualifies as a beneficiary for a 529 plan? According to IRS Publication 970, the following may be beneficiaries of 529 plans: The account owner. Son, daughter, stepchild, foster child, adopted child, or a descendant of any of them. Brother, sister, stepbrother, or stepsister. Father or mother or ancestor of either. Stepfather or stepmother. Son or daughter of a brother or sister. Brother or sister of father or mother. Son-in-law, daughter-in-law, father-in-law, mother-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law. The spouse of any individual listed above. First cousin. 529 plans only allow one beneficiary per plan. Owners with multiple children or beneficiaries will need to determine their plan […]
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529 vs. Life Insurance
Over the past few weeks I have been asked (and pitched) the idea of whether cash-value life insurance makes sense as a vehicle for saving and paying for college. By cash-value life insurance, I am including whole life, variable life, universal life and variable universal life policies. First, in almost all cases, it does not. The very few cases where it may make sense will be covered shortly. Here are some reasons why a 529 college savings plan is better than cash-value life insurance. 529 plans have very high contribution amounts. Depending on your state, the total amount you can contribute to your 529 plan is very high, and the annual contribution amounts are high as well. From a federal tax perspective, you are allowed to contribute up to $14,000 annually without incurring gift tax consequences. This amount doubles to $28,000 annually if you’re married and elect to split the […]
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IRA or 529?
After my post last week (Higher Education Expenses Paid From an IRA) I received a question from a reader: “If it’s possible to pay QHEE from an IRA then why would it be beneficial to contribute to a 529 specifically?” In today’s post I’ll cover the reasons you might choose an IRA or 529 plan. These two types of account will help you prepare for the twin future requirements of retirement and college expenses. As covered in the prior post, an IRA plan can be used in part to pay for college expenses. This is allowed in the Internal Revenue code, §72(t)(2)(E). So why would you choose to place funds in an IRA or 529 plan? Specifically, why would the 529 plan ever be superior to an IRA for this saving activity? Segregation One reason a 529 plan might make sense is to specifically segregate your education saving activities from […]
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Mutual Funds vs. 529 Plans
Saving for college is a tough job – on par with saving for retirement, and often in direct conflict with that goal as well. Adding to the difficulty of the task is the fact that there are so many different options out there (in terms of investment vehicles) that really muddy the waters for the individual college saver. One question that comes up very often is whether it is just as effective to utilize tax-effficient mutual funds instead of 529 plans as we save for college. The idea is that the mutual fund can generate a higher overall return than the 529 plan due to the additional costs associated with the administration of the 529 plan. It is a fact that most 529 plans charge management fees that have a direct impact on the overall return of the account, and it is also a fact that many tax-efficient mutual funds […]
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How To Save (and Pay) for College
Saving for college is a priority among many parents. Often we are asked about the right savings vehicle for college education. There are a few that parents can choose from between Coverdell ESAs, prepaid tuition and 529 college savings savings plans. We’ll discuss the 529 plan here. The 529 plan is essentially a college savings vehicle very similar to an IRA or an employer-sponsored plan. Depending on the state you live in your state may have a 529 plan that will have access to stock and bond mutual funds and or a pre-determined mix that will invest the money and allocate it for you depending on your risk tolerance or your time horizon upon entering college. Many states such as Illinois well even offer a state tax deduction for any contributions that you make up to a certain dollar limit. The beauty of 529 savings plans is that there is no […]
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