I’ve written much about the Net Unrealized Appreciation (NUA) treatment for company stock in a 401(k) plan – this is the provision that allows you to pull out company stock as part of a full distribution from the plan and get favorable tax treatment for the gain on the stock. More about NUA can be found in this article about Net Unrealized Appreciation Treatment. One of the factors in that article speaks to a special way to allocate the basis (original cost) of the stock. Specifically, if handled correctly, the ordinary income tax on the NUA move can be minimized or eliminated, and the capital gains treatment maximized. However. (As you know, there’s always a however in life!) The problem with this move is that you absolutely must get the 401(k) administrator to go along with your plan – in order to make sure that the 1099R generated by your […]
October, 2013:
What is the Best Life Policy to Buy?
When researching the appropriate life insurance to buy individuals and couples are faced with a myriad of choices. Term, whole life, universal life, variable universal life are just a few of the policies that may be presented, if not sold, to the person. So which one is best? Generally, it depends. If someone is looking for the best bang for their buck and wants to purchase the most insurance for the least amount of money term is going to be the best bet. Term is cheap, builds no cash value, and is generally used if someone or couples have a time frame where they need insurance (30 year term for a 30 year mortgage or 30 year term until retirement age). Generally those that are interested in term know that it will run out, but are hoping to “self-insure” their death at retirement since in theory they’ll have saved enough […]
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How Adding to Your Earnings Can Increase Your Social Security Benefits
Given the way that Social Security benefits are calculated, it should come as no surprise that increasing your income over time will make a difference in your eventual Social Security retirement benefits. But how much of a difference does it make when your income is increased? Of course, this is going to depend upon what your current income is, and how many years you have left before you’ll begin receiving benefits. Keep in mind how your benefits are calculated – see this article for information about Computing Your Social Security Monthly Benefit – it’s based on your average monthly income over your lifetime. Increasing that average will increase your PIA, which will in turn increase your benefit. It’s definitely not a simple calculation to figure out what difference each increased dollar of income will have on your benefit. Let’s walk through a few examples to see how it plays out. […]
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You’re Running Out of Time If You Want to Use These 13 Tax Provisions
Every year we say goodbye to certain things that we’ve come to know and love, and certain provisions of the tax law are not excluded from this treatment. Portions of the tax law are intentionally added with short life-spans, and others are retired from time to time as their intended use has either changed or been eliminated. Listed below are the tax provisions (according to the Joint Committee on Taxation) that will be expiring at the end of the year – some we’ll be glad to see go, others we’ll wish would stay around a while. Some will be extended by Congress, either at the last moment or on into the new year, as has happened in the past. Note: This article is aimed toward individual taxpayers rather than businesses, so I’ve only listed those provisions that will have impact on individuals. There are quite a few provisions expiring that […]
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A Note About Designations
As you begin to seek advice regarding your savings and investments, you may come across professionals that have designations after their names – some might even have a can of alphabet soup! Here are some common designations you’ll encounter when seeking out a professional. Your advisor should have a qualified designation as a minimum requirement before you start working with him or her. CFP® – CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™. This designation is considered the “gold standard” in the financial services industry. Holders of this designation are required to take college-level financial planning courses, have three years’ experience in financial planning, and must pass a rigorous 10 hour, 2 day examination. The designation is owned and awarded by the CFP Board of Standards. www.cfp.net ChFC® – Chartered Financial Consultant™. This designation is right in line with the CFP® with regards to the knowledge needed and required to earn the designation. Professionals that […]
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So, What’s Going on at the IRS During the Shutdown?
While the government is in hiatus, what’s going on at the IRS? Well, not a lot. As I understand it, none of the phone lines are being manned, so if you call in for any reason you wind up with the automatons handling your questions. The website is still in operation as well (at least partly). So, you may be able to do a few things, but you’re limited. For example, if you need a transcript of a prior year’s return, I understand that you can request this for yourself – but you can’t ask your accountant or anyone else operating as POA for you to request a transcript. I’ve experienced this myself in attempting to get a transcript for a client – I was shut down. (The same individual had trouble getting a transcript for himself, as the IRS records of his address didn’t match what he was entering […]
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Baby Steps
One of my favorite movies has to be What About Bob? starring Richard Dreyfus and Bill Murray. Fans of the film will remember Bob Wiley, a neurotic, compulsive individual who seeks out the advice and care of Dr. Leo Marvin. The title of Dr. Marvin’s book that he gives to Bob is called Baby Steps – with the idea that anything is manageable and possible if you take baby steps. Baby steps are important in our everyday life. Whether it be pursuing a degree, saving for retirement or even trying to change or break a habit – you need to take it one step at a time in order to achieve the goal. And sometimes, just moving forward even at a snail’s pace is progress. Take saving money for example. Some people may think it’s tough to save, especially if they fill their budget is tight enough already. But these […]
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Social Security Filing Strategies for Surviving Spouses
There are a couple of strategies for Social Security filing that surviving spouses can use to maximize benefits throughout their lifetimes. The important factor to keep in mind for the surviving spouse is that filing for Survivor Benefits (based on your late spouse’s record) has no impact on filing for Social Security benefits based on your own record – other than the fact that you cannot file for both benefits at the same time. Coordinating these two benefits (Surviving Spouse benefits and your own benefits) can take a couple of different paths: you could file for the Surviving Spouse benefit first, allowing your own benefit to accrue Delay Credits up to as late as age 70; or you could file for your own benefit first, and then later file for the Surviving Spouse benefit. Sue’s husband Steve passed away when Sue was 61 years of age. Steve had just turned […]
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How the 3.8% Surtax Could Influence Roth Conversions
Note: This is a dust-off of an article written in April 2010 that dealt with the special two-year taxation of Roth Conversions that was available in that year. An astute reader noted that the original was a bit dusty and not applicable to today’s decision-making (thanks S!). One of the provisions of the Affordable Care Act is a new tax – a surtax on investment income over certain amounts. This surtax has come into play this year, for tax returns filed in 2014 on 2013 income. The income amounts are, admittedly, rather high, but nonetheless will likely impact a lot of folks. What you may not realize is that, due to the application of this surtax, Roth IRA conversion strategies that you may have had in play may be impacted. Depending upon your overall income, you may have to pay the surtax on some or all of your conversion amount. […]
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There’s No Free Lunch
Recently I had the opportunity to review a company’s website and some of their affiliations that they had with particular companies. My natural tendency is to look at what companies the firm recommended when it came to financial advising and investing. As I was perusing through the list of providers my eyes came across a rather intriguing headline that was given by one of the “preferred” vendors. The headline read, “Free Financial Plan – Over $1,000 Value!” Some of you may be wondering the same thing I was wondering: “Who in their right mind would give away $1,000?” Instantly I knew there was a catch. After doing a bit more research I found out that this “preferred” provider’s strategy was to simply create a “financial plan” that was geared toward having the clients invest and put money in financial products that paid high commissions. The take away from the article […]
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How Your Average Indexed Monthly Earnings is Determined
In order to calculate your Social Security benefit you need to know what your PIA (Primary Insurance Amount) is. In order to calculate the PIA, you need to know what your Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME) factor is. So how is your AIME determined? During your working career, your Social Security-covered earnings were reported to the Social Security Administration. When you reach age 60, an index factor is applied to each year of your earnings in order to adjust each year’s earnings for inflation. After the index factor is applied, the top 35 years of earnings are totaled and then divided by 420 (the number of months in 35 years). This produces an average… indexed… monthly… earnings… factor. If you haven’t had a full 35 years of Social Security-covered earnings, the AIME is still calculated using 35 years as the divisor. This can result in a much lower benefit as […]
Sterling Raskie, MSFS, CFP®, ChFC®
The latest in our Owner’s Manual series, A 401(k) Owner’s Manual, was published in January 2020 and is available on 
A Medicare Owner’s Manual, is updated with 2020 facts and figures. This manual is available on 
Social Security for the Suddenly Single can be found on Amazon at 
Sterling’s first book, Lose Weight Save Money, can be 
An IRA Owner’s Manual, 2nd Edition is available for purchase on Amazon. Click the link to choose the 
Jim’s book – A Social Security Owner’s Manual, is now available on Amazon. Click this link for the 
And if you’ve come here to learn about queuing waterfowl, I apologize for the confusion. You may want to discuss your question with Lester, my loyal watchduck and self-proclaimed “advisor’s advisor”.