The intended purpose of 529 plans was to help individuals save for college education while receiving tax deferral of earnings and use of money tax- free for qualified expenses. However, sometimes money in the plan remains after paying for education expenses, a beneficiary decides not to go to college (and there no replacement beneficiary), or other events cause funds to be left unused. Plan owners have few options at this point, and one option may be to use money from the 529 plan for non-qualified expenses. Should this be the case, we need to look at how this money is handled. Generally, any money that’s taken from the plan for non-qualified expenses is taxed at the taxpayer’s ordinary income rates (marginal rates). Additionally, a 10% penalty is applied – like the 10% early withdrawal penalty on retirement funds. Furthermore, if the owners took at state income tax deduction for the […]
college savings
Qualified 529 Expenses
Money in a 529 plan may be used cover a wide range of expenses related to higher education. As we go through this section, we will also delineate between expenses allowed federally, but may not be allowed by some states. Qualified expenses include tuition and fees related to attendance to the educational institution. It’s important to note what the IRS considers a qualified education institution. A qualified educational institution is generally a college, university, tech school, or other institution that participates in the Department of Education’s student aid program. This include public, private, non-profit and for-profit higher education institutions. Room and board expenses also qualify, but there are certain conditions. The student must be enrolled at least half-time at the school. Expenses are also limited to the actual cost of the room and board if the student is living in housing operated by the institution, or if living off campus, […]
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The SECURE Act and Student Loans
The recent passing of the SECURE Act brought about some changes that have impacted savers and retirees alike. Required minimum distributions (RMDs) from retirement account have now been raised to age 72. Also, gone is the ability to “stretch” required distributions from retirement accounts to non-spouse beneficiaries (with few exceptions). One potentially beneficial change comes from the broadening of the expenses 529 college savings plans can cover. 529 plans are tax-advantaged savings plans that allow parent, grandparents, and other relatives to save money for education. Contributions grow tax-deferred and withdrawals for qualified expenses are tax-free. In the past, qualified expenses included, tuition, books, fees, etc. With the passing of the SECURE Act, another provision has been added that allows account owners to pay for student loan principal and interest. This new rule allows up to $10,000 maximum to be used to pay for outstanding student loans. In addition, the SECURE […]
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Saving for College
If you’re a parent or plan to be one, chances are you are considering ways to pay for your child’s college education. You may have a goal of sending them to public or private school, with the hope of helping them graduate college with little, if any debt. Whether or not your goal is to fully fund your child’s education or to help as best you can, there are some options to consider saving as much as you can to reach or education savings goal. One option to consider is a 529 college savings plan. 529 plans allow money to be contributed specifically for many of the costs of higher education. Money that goes into the account grows tax-deferred, and money withdrawn for qualified college education expenses (tuition, room & board, books, fees) is tax-free. Many states sponsor their own college savings plans, and some allow a state tax deduction […]
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529 vs. Life Insurance
Over the past few weeks I have been asked (and pitched) the idea of whether cash-value life insurance makes sense as a vehicle for saving and paying for college. By cash-value life insurance, I am including whole life, variable life, universal life and variable universal life policies. First, in almost all cases, it does not. The very few cases where it may make sense will be covered shortly. Here are some reasons why a 529 college savings plan is better than cash-value life insurance. 529 plans have very high contribution amounts. Depending on your state, the total amount you can contribute to your 529 plan is very high, and the annual contribution amounts are high as well. From a federal tax perspective, you are allowed to contribute up to $14,000 annually without incurring gift tax consequences. This amount doubles to $28,000 annually if you’re married and elect to split the […]
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529 Plan vs. Student Loan
When planning for the cost of college for your children, often parents and grandparents think of the 529 plan due to the tax benefits. Almost ten years ago the 2006 Pension Protection Act made the tax treatment of 529 plan college savings instruments permanent. This will be familiar ground for most, but perhaps parents of future college students need to a refresher. It will always be cheaper to save for college than to pay for loans. If you’re in the position of most folks – with enough assets that you figure your child won’t be considered for financial aid – then it pays in spades to save now. If you saved $150 a month into a 529 plan for 10 years at 4% rate of return, you’d have just over $22,000 saved up. If, on the other hand, you didn’t save that money and had to borrow $22,000, paying it […]
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