Image by @dino via Flickr If you have an IRA that includes contributions that are both pre-tax and post-tax (deductible and non-deductible) as well as growth, you may have an option available to you that will allow for a tax-free Roth conversion. As you know, a Roth conversion can be done with IRAs that have mixed contributions, but when this is done, you will owe tax on a portion of the rollover – the portion that includes the pre-tax money. Even if your pre-tax money is in a totally separate traditional IRA, the conversion of your post-tax money will be partly taxed due to the cream-in-the-coffee rule, which requires that all IRAs be considered as one with regard to distributions (including Roth conversions). If you happen to have a 401(k) plan (or other Qualified Retirement Plan) that you’re participating in, you may have the option available to roll over your […]
Roth IRA
Roth IRA for Youngsters
Image via Wikipedia Many times it is among the best of ideas to establish a Roth IRA for your child. This way, your child can benefit from the long-term growth in the account and have a very good head start on retirement savings for later in life. There are other benefits, including the fact that retirement funds are not included when financial aid is being calculated for college expenses, as well as providing funds for the child to use when the time comes to buy a house. One thing can cause a real problem though: if you undertake to make contributions to a Roth IRA for your child that aren’t based in fact. What’s that? How can this be? So there’s a way you can make contributions to Roth IRA that aren’t based in fact? What fact is that?? The rules for making contributions to Roth IRAs (actually, any IRA) […]
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Is It Really Allowed – Making a Non-Deductible IRA Contribution Followed By a Roth Conversion?
I occasionally receive this question: Can I make a non-deductible IRA contribution, and then shortly after convert the IRA into a Roth IRA? My income is too high for me to make a contribution directly to a Roth IRA. Image by Plbmak via Flickr According to the rules in place today, you can do this. Here are the applicable rules: There is no income limit for an individual to make a non-deductible IRA contribution. There is no income limit for an individual to make a Roth Conversion. There is no time limit on how long a contribution must be in a traditional IRA before converting it to a Roth IRA. Essentially this situation provides the individual with an income above the limits to contribute to a Roth IRA with an avenue to accomplish the funding of a Roth IRA. It seems too good to be true. And even though you […]
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UBTI in an IRA
Image via Wikipedia I’ve mentioned before about various types of transactions that are not allowed in your IRA, but we’ve not actually covered the topic of Unrelated Business Taxable Income (UBTI) in your IRA. UBTI isn’t prohibited within an IRA, but it does pose problems and adds a great deal of complexity to your account. Unrelated Business Taxable Income So, what is UBTI anyway? The concept of UBTI pre-dates IRAs – it was originally developed in relation to charitable organizations, trusts, and other tax-exempt entities. The IRS developed this concept to ensure that tax-exempt organizations didn’t have a competitive advantage over taxable organizations, such as for-profit corporations. The way that income is determined to be “unrelated” is by checking these two tests: Is the income from a trade or business that is regularly carried on? Is the trade or business unrelated to the tax-exempt entity’s exercise of the entity’s tax-exempt […]
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Re-Converting Your IRA
Image by accent on eclectic via Flickr Okay, so we’ve covered Roth Conversions – where you distribute the funds from your traditional IRA to a Roth IRA. Then we covered Recharacterizations – where you can “undo” the conversion by moving all or part of the converted funds and the earnings associated with it back into a traditional IRA. The end result is that, for those funds converted and recharacterized, from the eyes of the IRS, nothing happened to the account (except that you may have put the money back into a different IRA). So, if you went through a Roth Conversion and then Recharacterized it, the assumption is that you wish to eventually re-convert those funds to a Roth account. When are you allowed to do this? There are two limits on the Re-Conversion of funds to a Roth account once they’ve been through the Conversion/Recharacterization wringer: This first limit […]
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The Roth Recharacterization
1/1/2018 Note: Recharacterization of Roth conversion is no longer allowed as of tax year 2018. The last tax year that you could recharacterize Roth conversions is 2017. See Roth Recharacterization is No Longer Allowed for more details. After all the hoopla around Roth conversions in 2010, now is the time to consider whether or not a recharacterization is in your future. So what is a recharacterization, and how does it work? Recharacterization is the “backing out” of your Roth conversion. In other words, you can literally make the conversion as if it had never been done at all, with your money back in the traditional IRA where it started. Why would you want to do that? Here’s an example: let’s say you converted $100,000 to a Roth IRA in 2010 and you are ready to pay the tax on your 2010 return (you elected out of the spread to 2011 […]
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2011 IRA MAGI Limits – Married Filing Separately
Note: for the purposes of IRA MAGI qualification, a person filing as Married Filing Separately, who did not live with his or her spouse during the tax year, is considered Single and will use the information on that page to determine eligibility. For a Traditional IRA (Filing Status Married Filing Separately): If you are not covered by a retirement plan at your job and your spouse is not covered by a retirement plan, there is no MAGI limitation on your deductible contributions. If you are covered by a retirement plan at your job and your MAGI is less than $10,000, you are entitled to a partial deduction, reduced by 50% for every dollar (or 60% if over age 50), and rounded up to the nearest $10. If the amount works out to less than $200, you are allowed to contribute at least $200. If you are covered by a retirement […]
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2011 MAGI Limits for IRAs – Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Widow(er)
Note: for the purposes of IRA MAGI qualification, a person filing as Married Filing Separately, who did not live with his or her spouse during the tax year, is considered Single and will use the information on that page to determine eligibility. For a Traditional IRA (Filing Status Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Widow(er)): If you are not covered by a retirement plan at your job and your spouse is not covered by a retirement plan, there is no MAGI limitation on your deductible contributions. If you are covered by a retirement plan at work, and your MAGI is $90,000 or less, there is also no limitation on your deductible contributions to a traditional IRA. If you are covered by a retirement plan at your job and your MAGI is more than $90,000 but less than $110,000, you are entitled to a partial deduction, reduced by 25% for every dollar […]
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2011 MAGI Limits – Single or Head of Household
Note: for the purposes of IRA MAGI qualification, a person filing as Married Filing Separately, who did not live with his or her spouse during the tax year, is considered Single and will use the information on this page to determine eligibility. For a Traditional IRA (Filing Status Single or Head of Household): If you are not covered by a retirement plan at your job, there is no MAGI limitation on your deductible contributions. If you are covered by a retirement plan at work, if your MAGI is $56,000 or less, there is also no limitation on your deductible contributions to a traditional IRA. If you are covered by a retirement plan at your job and your MAGI is more than $56,000 but less than $66,000, you are entitled to a partial deduction, reduced by 50% for every dollar over the lower limit (or 60% if over age 50), and […]
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Your 2% Opportunity in 2011
By now you’ve heard the news from the 2010 Tax Act – one of the provisions is that during calendar year 2011, the Social Security withholding tax is reduced from 6.2% to 4.2%. This means that you have an additional 2% of your income, up to the $106,800 limit, available to you to do with as you wish. This is your opportunity to make a splash! I think it would be a very good idea to bump up your 401(k) deferral by 2% if you aren’t already maxed out. If you have maxed out your 401(k), you could use the extra money to contribute to your Roth IRA, or put some money into your taxable investment account. No matter what, since this money was originally intended to be for retirement (if it had been withheld for Social Security, it would have gone to *someone’s* retirement), you should put it toward […]
Sterling Raskie, MSFS, CFP®, ChFC®
The latest in our Owner’s Manual series, A 401(k) Owner’s Manual, was published in January 2020 and is available on 
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Sterling’s first book, Lose Weight Save Money, can be 
An IRA Owner’s Manual, 2nd Edition is available for purchase on Amazon. Click the link to choose the 
Jim’s book – A Social Security Owner’s Manual, is now available on Amazon. Click this link for the 
And if you’ve come here to learn about queuing waterfowl, I apologize for the confusion. You may want to discuss your question with Lester, my loyal watchduck and self-proclaimed “advisor’s advisor”.